Authentic amber, fossilized tree resin, is a prized gemstone with a rich history and captivating beauty. However, the market is flooded with imitations, making it crucial to know how to distinguish genuine amber from its counterfeits. This guide will equip you with the knowledge and techniques to confidently identify real amber.
What are the most common ways to test if amber is real?
Several methods exist to test amber's authenticity, each with varying degrees of reliability. The most common include visual inspection, the salt water test, the heat test, and the UV light test. We'll explore each in detail below.
How can I tell if amber is real using the salt water test?
The saltwater test is a popular and relatively reliable method. It leverages the density of amber, which is lower than that of saltwater.
Here's how to perform the test:
- Prepare the solution: Mix a saturated saltwater solution (approximately 1 cup of salt per 2 cups of water). Stir until the salt dissolves completely.
- Submerge the amber: Gently place the suspected amber piece into the solution.
- Observe the results: Real amber will float, while most imitations will sink. Note that some treated amber or amber with high density might not float, so this isn't foolproof.
Does amber glow under UV light?
Many, but not all, pieces of amber fluoresce under ultraviolet (UV) light. This means they emit a visible glow when exposed to UV rays.
How to perform the UV test:
- Use a UV lamp: A quality UV lamp, preferably with both long-wave (365nm) and short-wave (254nm) UV light, is necessary.
- Observe the reaction: Examine the amber under the UV light in a darkened room. Genuine amber often exhibits a bluish-white, greenish-white, or yellowish fluorescence, although the intensity and color can vary depending on the amber's type and age. Absence of fluorescence doesn't definitively prove it's fake, but it's a significant clue.
How can I tell if amber is real using the heat test?
The heat test should be approached with caution, as excessive heat can damage the amber. This test relies on the amber's relatively low melting point compared to some imitations.
How to perform the (cautious) heat test:
- Use a heated needle: Carefully heat a fine needle with a lighter or match (a safer alternative is to use a hot, dry pin).
- Apply the heat: Gently touch the heated needle to a hidden area of the amber. Real amber will give off a distinct piney scent; most plastics will smell acrid or chemical. Proceed with extreme caution and only test on an inconspicuous part. Too much heat can crack or permanently damage the amber.
What does real amber look like?
Visual inspection is the first step in identifying real amber. Look for the following characteristics:
- Inclusions: Genuine amber often contains natural inclusions such as insects, plant matter, or air bubbles. These inclusions are usually irregularly shaped and distributed.
- Color variations: Amber comes in a wide array of colors, ranging from pale yellow to deep reddish-brown. Color alone is not conclusive.
- Surface texture: Real amber often has a slightly rough or waxy surface, though polishing may alter this.
- Warmth: Hold the piece; real amber may feel slightly warm to the touch. This is subjective and not completely reliable.
Is there a way to tell if amber is real without damaging it?
While the heat test carries a risk, the saltwater and UV light tests are generally considered non-destructive. Visual inspection is also a safe and helpful first step. Remember, no single test provides 100% certainty; a combination of methods gives the most accurate results.
How can I be sure that I'm buying authentic amber?
The best way to ensure authenticity is to buy from reputable dealers who provide certificates of authenticity and are transparent about their sourcing. Be wary of extremely low prices, as they often indicate imitations.
Ultimately, combining several testing methods and purchasing from trusted sources significantly increases your chances of obtaining genuine amber. Remember to always proceed cautiously when performing tests, especially the heat test, to avoid damaging your potential treasure.
